Conditional Statements

Conditional statements control conditional branching. The body of a conditional statement is only executed if the value of the expression is nonzero.

If Statement

Syntax

if-statement:  if ( expression ) statement  if ( expression ) statement else statement

Example

int a = 1;
if (a < 0) {
    a = 0;
} else {
    a++;
}

In this example, if a is a negative number, its value is set to zero. Otherwise, the value of a is increased by 1.

You can also have nested branching, like so:

int a = 0;
int b = 0;
if (a > 0) {
    if (b > a) {
        a = b;
    }
} else {
    b = a;
}

Or concurrent if statements:

int a = 1;
if (a < 0) {
    a = -1;
} else if (a > 1) {
    a = 1;
} else {
    a = 0;
}